What does the term "encumbrance" refer to in real estate?

In real estate, the term "encumbrance" specifically refers to a claim or liability that affects the value or use of a property. When a property is encumbered, it means there are certain legal claims, such as mortgages, liens, leases, or easements, that might restrict the owner's ability to transfer the property or could impact its market value. Understanding encumbrances is crucial for potential buyers and sellers, as they can significantly influence the financial aspects and legal status of a property.

In contrast, the other terms mentioned relate to different concepts in real estate. Ownership structures refer to how property is owned (such as sole ownership or shared ownership) and do not inherently involve claims against the property itself. A financing arrangement pertains to the methods and terms under which a buyer secures funding to purchase property, rather than any claims against the property. Legal terms for building codes focus on regulations governing construction and safety requirements but do not directly represent claims that would encumber a property.