How does the principle meridian function in land surveys?

The principle meridian plays a crucial role in land surveys by serving as a reference line that helps define and organize land within the rectangular survey system. This system is designed to systematically divide land into townships, which are further subdivided into sections. The principle meridian works in conjunction with a baseline to establish a grid that is used to locate parcels of land. By identifying ranges, tiers, and townships, the principle meridian provides a clear framework for land ownership and land management, greatly simplifying the process of land description.

This organization into townships and sections is particularly useful for various purposes, including land sales and development, as it allows for standardized measurements and descriptions that are essential for clarity and legal accuracy in property transactions. The rectangular survey method, anchored by the principle meridian, is foundational to land management practices in many regions, especially in the United States.